Planar density of vacuum charge induced by a supercritical Coulomb potentialстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 22 июля 2017 г.
Аннотация:Analytical expressions for the planar density of an induced vacuum charge are obtained
in a strong Coulomb potential in coordinate space. Treatment is based on a self-adjoint
extension approach for constructing of the Green's function of a charged fermion in
an external electromagnetic field. Induced vacuum charge density
is calculated and analyzed in subcritical
and supercritical Coulomb potentials for massless and massive fermions.
We argue that the virtual and so-called real vacuum polarizations contribute
in an induced vacuum charge in a supercritical Coulomb potential.
The behavior of the polarization vacuum charge density is investigated
at long and short distances from the Coulomb center. The induced vacuum charge
has a screening sign.
Screening of a Coulomb impurity in graphene is briefly discussed.
The real vacuum polarization charge density that acquires the quantum
electrodynamics vacuum in a supercritical
Coulomb potential due to the real vacuum polarization is calculated. It is shown that
the vacuum charge densities essentially differ in massive and massless cases.
We expect that our results can, as a matter of principle, be tested
in graphene with a supercritical Coulomb impurity.