Аннотация:We proposed that fenozan produced its protective effect via different mechanisms within various concentration intervals To elucidation this question the number of fenozan molecules in the sample, and relation between this value and the numbers of mitochondria in each sample were calculated. It is known that 1 M of any substance contains 6.02x1023 molecules in 1 liter. At 10-8 M fenozan concentration, the well contains 3x1012 fenozan molecule. Calculation (according to K. Schwerzmann et al., 1986) shows that the 0.5 ml well contains about 3x1010 mitochondria, as the well contains about 4 mg mitochondrial protein. Consequently, in the well the relation between number of fenozan molecules and number of mitochondria is about 100 (3x1012 / 3x1010 =100). One can assume that this concentration of the drug is embedded in the membrane and interacts with the lipid hydroperoxides. At 10-11 M fenozan concentration, the sample contains 3x109 fenozan molecule, and thus, the above calculated ration decreases to 0,1 fenozan molecule per one mitochondria. Probably, at such low concentration potassium fenozan form associates with water molecules and interacts with receptors on the surface of mitochondria (Ryzhkina IS et al, 2009). And, finally, at a concentration 10-22M, in the sample are almost no molecules potassium fenozan. In this case, the biological effect of the drug, apparently related to changes in the structure of water (M. Chaplin, 2000). These data suggest that the most effective use of the drug for medical purposes may be in the concentration range 10-9-10-14M, when the drug interacts with receptors of biological membranes. Future research should elucidate the mechanism of fenazan and similar biological active substances functioning at such extremely low concentration.