Study on Atmospheric Optical Turbulence above Mount Shatdzhatmaz in 2007-2013статья
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Аннотация:We present results of the atmospheric optical turbulence (OT) measurements at the top of Mt.~Shatdzhatmaz on the place of installation of a new Sternberg astronomical institute 2.5-m telescope. Nearly 300\,000 vertical OT profiles from the ground up to 23~km were obtained in the period November 2007 -- June 2013 with the combined Multi-Aperture Scintillation Sensor (MASS) and Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) instrument.
Medians of main OT characteristics computed over the whole dataset are: the seeing $\beta_0 = 0.96$~arcsec, the free-atmosphere seeing $\beta_{free} = 0.43$~arcsec and the isoplanatic angle $\theta_0 = 2.07$~arcsec. The median atmospheric time constant is $\tau_0 = 6.57 \mbox{ ms}$. The revealed long-term variability of these parameters on scales of months and years implies the need to take it into account in astroclimatic campaigns planning. For example, the annual variation of monthly $\theta_0$ estimate amounts up to 30\% while the time constant $\tau_0$ value changes by 2.5 times.
Evaluation of the potential of Mt.~Shatdzhatmaz in high angular resolution observations shows that in October--November this site is as good as best of studied summits in the world.