Copper ion sorption ability of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. and Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. micromycetes

Volkova, V.D.; Fedoseeva, E.V.; Terekhova, V.A.

Авторы: Volkova Veronika D., Fedoseeva Elena V., Terekhova Vera A.
Журнал: Biology Bulletin
Том: 51
Номер: 10
Год издания: 2024
Издательство: M A I K Nauka - Interperiodica
Местоположение издательства: Russian Federation
Первая страница: 77
Последняя страница: 84
Оригинальные версии: Сорбционная активность микромицетов Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. и Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. по отношению к меди
DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024700882
Аннотация: ISSN 1062-3590, Biology Bulletin, 2024, Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 77–84. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2024.Russian Text © The Author(s), 2024, published in Povolzhskii Ekologicheskii Zhurnal, 2024, No. 1, pp. 20Abstract—Our analysis of the metabolic and ecological features of fungi indicates a high bioremediationpotential of the fungal mycelium. The relevance of the problems solved in this work is conditioned by the insufficiently of the mechanisms studied and the conditions of micromycetal activity on heavy metal detoxication. The effect of copper on the development of two micromycete species, namely, melanized Alternariaalternata (Fr.) Keissl., 1912 and hyaline Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl., 1824 cultivated on Czapek agar (with2 or 3% sucrose), was compared; the ability of the mycelium to sorb copper cations when grown in a liquidculture with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg Cu2+/L was evaluated. F. oxysporum had noticeable advantages interms of the growth rate, tolerance, and conidia production on a medium with Cu2+. The effective concentration of copper (EC50), indicating the resistance of the fungus, increased for F. oxysporum by 1.5 times withincreasing sucrose content in the medium. The melanized culture of A. alternata was superior to F. oxysporumin terms of the sorption capacity. The percentage of Cu2+ extraction by the fungal mycelium from the mediumreached 40% in the case of F. oxysporum and twice as much in the case of A. alternata. The vast majority ofcopper was sorbed by the cell walls of hyphae and washed away by water. A small amount (a maximum of0.16 μg Cu2+/g dry mycelium of A. alternata) penetrated inside the mycelial cells. F. oxysporum, which had nointracellular protective melanins, accumulated Cu2+ (two to 14 times) less. The results show that the mechanisms of resistance to Cu2+ and sorption are different in the species studied: in Fusarium they are determinedmainly by the barrier functions of the hyphae cell walls, while in Alternaria melanin plays a significant role inprotection against the toxic action of Cu.Keywords: pollution, heavy metals, fungi, mycelium, melanin, tolerance, sorption, toxicity, effective concentrations, remediation
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Copper ion sorption ability of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. and Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. micromycetesстатья

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