Global and regional geochemical indexes of production of chemical elements

Kasimov, N.S.; Vlasov, D.V.

Авторы: Kasimov N.S., Vlasov D.V.
Журнал: Geography, Environment, Sustainability
Том: 7
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2014
Издательство: Издательство Русского географического общества
Местоположение издательства: Москва
Первая страница: 52
Последняя страница: 65
DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2014-7-1-52-65
Аннотация: This paper presents a geochemical assessment of the primary involvement of chemical elements in technogenesis in the world and individual countries. In order to compare the intensity of production of various chemical elements in different countries, the authors have introduced a number of new terms and parameters. The new term is “abstract rock” (AR)—an elemental equivalent, whose average composition corresponds to the average chemical composition of the upper continental crust. The new parameters are: “conditional technophility of an element” (TY), “specific technophility” (TYN) “regional conditional technophility” (TYR), “specific regional technophility” (TN), and “density of regional conditional technophility” (TS). TY equals to the tons of AR per year necessary for the production of the current level of the element. TY of different elements has been estimated for 2008–2010. The highest TY values are associated with C, S, N, Ra, and Au. TY of many micro- and ultramicroelements is of the order of n•1011t. TYN reflects the volume of AR per the world’s capita. TYN changes from the 1960s to 2010 indicates that the Earth's population is growing much faster than its demand for many chemical elements. TYR, TN, and TS were used for the integrated assessment of technogenesis at the regional scale; they reflect the intensity of the technogenesis process at the level of individual countries and allow comparing countries with different levels of elements production, population, and areas. The TN and TS levels of the leaders in extraction of natural resources are below these values in other countries due to the large territories (Russia, USA, Canada, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan, Argentina, Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia, Zambia, Mali, Libya, Mongolia, and Sudan), to the large population (Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines, Bangladesh, Nigeria), or to both high spatial and demographic dimensions (India, Brazil, France, Egypt, Thailand, Pakistan, Algeria, Tanzania, Congo (Kinshasa), Malaysia, and Morocco).
Добавил в систему: Власов Дмитрий Валентинович

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