Аннотация:Electrospun mats made of biodegradable polyesters are commonly used in tissue engineering. The current work compares the properties of electrospun mats made of polylactide (PLA) and polydioxanone (PDX). In these mats, the mean fiber diameters and pore sizes were similar, so the differences in their properties arose from polymer characteristics rather than the fiber size or morphology. In vitro experiments with 3T3 mouse fibroblasts demonstrated that both mats were cytocompatible and did not hinder cell proliferation. The PLA and PDX mats differed in wetting behavior, crystallinity (PLA mats were amorphous, and PDX had 18% crystallinity), degradation time, and mechanical properties. Degradation kinetics were measured both in vitro (in a buffer solution and Fenton’s reagent) and in vivo (subcutaneous implantation in mice). In both cases, the PDX mat degraded far faster (almost complete degradation in vivo on day 30) than the PLA mat (~30% thickness reduction on day 60). The obtained results can be valuable for the development of biodegradable electrospun scaffolds.