Аннотация:Special topographic and climatological situation on the Antarctic Peninsula is attracting more and more interest with respect to global change scenarios. Although global circulation models (GCM) do not predict extraordinary warming rates when compared to other marginal zones of the Antarctic continent, recently much evidence for climate change during the last few decades has been gathered by different authors, especially in this area. The west coast of the Peninsula shows extreme year-to-year variability with respect to air temperature, which is mainly attributed to fluctuations in the sea-ice extent. The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the regions on Earth where air surface temperatures have experienced substantial warming at higher rate than global average during the second half of the 20th century, although during the last 15 years or so, this warming has declined or even a slight no significant cooling has been detected.
This study presents results from surface energy turbulent fluxes estimates for the 4 summer season on King George island. Turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum have been measured directly by using eddy covariance system at Bellingshausen station since December, 2001. Essential interannual variations of average energy exchange characteristics above different underlying surfaces due to variability of large-scale hydrometeorological conditions in the Antarctic region are founded. Aerodynamic Drag coefficient and roughness parameter of the Antarctic surface, influencing on energy exchange characteristics, are changed substantially in time and in space, and largely depend on the state of snow cover, the atmospheric stability, wind velocity and directions, variability of which is connected with the climatic situation above circumambient aquatoriums.
This study also analyzed shipboard air-sea measurements acquired by the vessel. The transition from the open water to the ice-covered surface creates sharp changes in albedo, surface roughness, and air temperature, leading to consequential effects on air-sea variables and fluxes.
The data set are used to understand how the land surface and the atmosphere interact in terms of regional climate change. In addition, they are used to monitor how polar terrestrial ecosystem responds to the possible climate change.
The work is carried out within the framework of the RFBR grant 17-05-01221.